Fifa Nature Reserve is located in the southwestern part of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, along the southern edge of the Dead Sea, approximately 140 km south of the capital Amman. Its western boundary forms the international border between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territories. Administratively, it belongs to Karak Governorate. The reserve covers an area of about 25 km² and lies within lands owned by the Jordan Valley Authority. It is officially designated as a protected area under a Ministry of Environment decision and is managed by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature.

The reserve was established in 2011 through the Integrated Ecosystem Management Project in the Jordan Valley, implemented by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. It was named after the Ghor Fifa area. The reserve aims to protect unique ecological and vegetation patterns, particularly halophytic (salt-tolerant) vegetation and tropical vegetation types.

In 2017, Fifa Nature Reserve was declared the lowest Ramsar site in the world, lying approximately 420 meters below sea level. This designation made it the second site managed by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature to be included on the global list of Wetlands of International Importance.

The vegetation cover of the reserve is highly diverse and forms a green landscape within the surrounding desert environment. Studies conducted by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature recorded a total of 127 plant species, including at least seven threatened species of high conservation importance, such as the Arak tree (Salvadora persica), for which Fifa is one of the few natural locations in Jordan where it occurs. The reserve also contains several locally threatened plant species, including date palms, umbrella thorn acacia, reeds, and the Moringa tree.

Regarding fauna, 17 mammal species have been recorded, including carnivores, ungulates, and rodents, most notably the caracal, hyena, and wolf. In addition, 4 reptile species have been documented, the most important being the spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx aegyptia), which is threatened due to overhunting.

The reserve lies along the second most important global migratory bird flyway, making it a significant resting and feeding habitat for migratory and resident birds, especially species threatened at national and regional levels, such as the Dead Sea Sparrow (Passer moabiticus) and the Nubian Nightjar (Caprimulgus nubicus). A total of 117 migratory and resident bird species have been recorded within the reserve.

The reserve also hosts the largest breeding aggregations of the Nubian Nightjar in the breeding season, a species with a restricted distribution in the southern Dead Sea region and Africa. In addition, both permanent and seasonal wetlands within the reserve represent one of the most important stopover sites for migratory birds along the main flyway through the Jordan Valley (Rift Valley).

Furthermore, the reserve hosts an endemic fish species known as the Richardson’s Killifish (Aphanius richardsoni), a secondary freshwater species of marine origin. This species is increasingly threatened due to habitat loss caused by various water uses, as well as the impact of invasive species in its habitats.